Spotted Towhee
Pipilo maculatus
Taxonomy
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Passerellidae
- Genus
- Pipilo
- eBird Code
- spotow
Subspecies (21)
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Pipilo maculatus arcticus
Great Plains of North America to southwestern USA; winters to northeastern Mexico
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Pipilo maculatus chiapensis
mountains of southern Mexico (central Chiapas)
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Pipilo maculatus clementae
Santa Rosa, Santa Catalina, and San Clemente islands (off southern California)
-
Pipilo maculatus consobrinus
formerly Isla Guadalupe (off western Baja California); extinct, last observed in 1897
-
Pipilo maculatus curtatus
southeastern British Columbia to northeastern California, Nevada, and Idaho; winters to southeastern California
-
Pipilo maculatus falcifer
coastal northern California (Del Norte to Santa Cruz and San Benito counties)
-
Pipilo maculatus falcinellus
interior southwestern Oregon to Sierra Nevada and San Joaquin Valley
-
Pipilo maculatus gaigei
mountains of New Mexico, western Texas, and northern Mexico (northern Coahuila)
-
Pipilo maculatus griseipygius
mountains of western Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental)
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Pipilo maculatus macronyx
mountains of central Mexico (eastern Michoacán, México, Morelos, and Distrito Federal)
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Pipilo maculatus maculatus
eastern Mexico
-
Pipilo maculatus magnirostris
mountains of southern Baja California (Sierra de la Laguna)
-
Pipilo maculatus megalonyx
coastal southern California (Monterey) to northwestern Baja California and Santa Cruz Island
-
Pipilo maculatus montanus
southwestern USA to northwestern Mexico; winters to northern Mexico
-
Pipilo maculatus oaxacae
highlands of southern Mexico (northern and central Oaxaca)
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Pipilo maculatus oregonus
breeds coastal southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon; winters to southern California
-
Pipilo maculatus orientalis
mountains of eastern Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental)
-
Pipilo maculatus repetens
mountains of southern Mexico (southeastern Chiapas) and western Guatemala
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Pipilo maculatus socorroensis
Socorro Island (Revillagigedo Islands off western Mexico)
-
Pipilo maculatus umbraticola
northwestern Baja California (latitude 32°N to 30°N)
-
Pipilo maculatus vulcanorum
mountains of central Mexico (México, northeastern Morelos, southwestern Tlaxcala, and western Puebla)
Data Sources
Taxonomy data from AviList 2025.